Comparing 1984 And Fahrenheit 451 - 928 Words

1984 and Fahrenheit 451 1984, written by George Orwell, and Fahrenheit 451, by Ray Bradbury, are similar to each other, however they also have several distinct differences. Both 1984 and Fahrenheit 451 are dystopian themed novels that deal with an overbearing and extremely powerful government. The nations in both novels are involved in wars that never seem to end, and their main characters begin to doubt the government and what society expects of everyone. In both 1984 and Fahrenheit 451, the government has a lot of control over the people and their lives. In 1984 the government vaporizes and tortures anyone that does not seem to approve of the government’s actions or the moral code that the government supports. While in Fahrenheit 451 the government arrests anyone that has books or disapproves of what the government does. The two books are similar in that the governments use a lot of fear to keep their citizens loyal and acting in a way that they approve of. The government in Fahrenheit 451 uses firemen to project fear and keep order in the cities, as well as burning the possessions and homes of people that own books. 1984 has a similarly feared organization known as the Thought Police, they were said to be able to read the minds of all of the citizens in Oceania, the name of the country where Winston lives in the novel, and were used by the government to try to prevent even the thought of someone acting out against the go vernment. The Thought Police also used muchShow MoreRelatedComparing 1984 And Fahrenheit 451912 Words   |  4 PagesBoth 1984 and Fahrenheit 451 predict a dystopian future where information is tightly controlled and the populace seems to care little for the fact that they are being lied to and manipulated into working for the ambitions of their government. Both governments in the story have taken control of the media and this the population, and both characters are apart of agencies that help keep the government in control of the people. In Fahrenheit 451 the man is a fireman and burns all of the books that heRead MoreComparing Dystopic Worlds in George Orwells 1984 and Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451.2257 Words   |  10 Pagesimage of utopia, and yet to the reader seems like a foreign, inhumane residence dominated by an all-powerful government. George Orwells 1984, and Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451 depicts two different dystopic worlds. The settings of both books are different and the characters are unique; however, both of these books are also very similar. 1984 and Fahrenheit 451 are similar dystopic literatures by a common theme of censorship in which the government withholds or censors information, by a similar threadRead More 198451: The Year of the Salamander Essay1864 Words   |  8 Pages198451: The Year of the Salamander When comparing the masterpieces of George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451 the astute reader is immediately able to see a minimum of two recurring themes in both of them. â€Å"Orwell had produced an imaginative treatise of totalitarianism, cutting across all ideologies, warning of the threat to humanity should any government, of whatever political complexion, assume absolute power† (Nineteen Eighty-Four 12). Meanwhile Bradbury describedRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesConflict 375 SKILL LEARNING 376 Interpersonal Conflict Management 376 Mixed Feelings About Conflict 376 Diagnosing the Type of Interpersonal Conflict 378 Conflict Focus 378 Conflict Source 380 Selecting the Appropriate Conflict Management Approach 383 Comparing Conflict Management and Negotiation Strategies 386 Selection Factors 386 Resolving Interpersonal Confrontations Using the Collaborative Approach A General Framework for Colla borative Problem Solving 391 The Four Phases of Collaborative Problem SolvingRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pages4 Hypotheses Tests for a Population Mean 550 10.5 Power and Probability of Type II Error 562 10.6 Interpreting and Communicating the Results of Statistical Analyses 571 Activity 10.1 Comparing the t and z Distributions 574 Activity 10.2 A Meaningful Paragraph 575 Graphing Calculator Explorations 580 11 Comparing Two Populations or Treatments 583 11.1 Inferences Concerning the Difference Between Two Population or Treatment Means Using Independent Samples 583 11.2 Inferences Concerning theRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagestime, but the only evidence for this was Nathan’s own claim that he was 10 miles away at the time. 4. Evaluate the quality of this argument: All ice eventually melts when heated to over 47 degrees Fahrenheit. The ice in the refrigerator of the President of France was heated to over 47 degrees Fahrenheit that day. So, the ice in the President’s refrigerator eventually melted.67 This is a very strong argument. It is deductively valid and all its premises (there’s just one) are true. 66 The argument

Technology And World Civilization A Thousand Year History

Technology in World Civilization: A Thousand Year History written by physicist and historian Arnold Pacey explains his unique â€Å"global view† of the evolution of technology differing from the common Eurocentric view of this topic dating back to Greek civilizations. The book is consisted of eleven chapters that chronologically depict the creative inventions in technology throughout several cultures across time in history, starting from the early days in 700 A.D. to the very recent historical events in the 1980’s. Technology in World Civilization: A Thousand Year History views the adaptation of technology from a different perspective by giving insight and excellent supporting criteria crediting the East with the innovative technology†¦show more content†¦For example, Indian textile technology had an immense influence on Britain during the Industrial Revolution, but there was not any specific ‘transfer of technology.’ Rather, the British simply und erstood that Indians could spin, weave, and dye yarn to make colorful fabrics. As a result, the British modified this idea and adopted weaving into their culture, giving them the same results and ultimately creating a responsive, innovative invention for their society. Without a doubt, Pacey’s creative take and supporting examples, emphasizing the transfer of knowledge in innovation rather than the transfer of technology, depict the idea’s immense benefits that shaped the crucial inventions in history across cultures. Moreover, another crucial historical benefit to societies from Arnold Pacey’s argument in Technology in World Civilization: A Thousand Year History is the use of social interaction to create responsive inventions. The text defines responsive inventions as the result of interactions that lead to conversations resulting in incomplete information that fortunately sparks fresh ideas amongst individuals in the same or differing cultures. This phenomenon is accomplished through recipients of a new body of knowledge interrogating and then innovating the new ideas or technological inventions on the core basis of the individual’s own personal experiences and information regarding their localShow MoreRelatedWorld Civilization : A Thousand Year History Essay1579 Words   |  7 PagesPacey published Technology in World Civilization: A Thousand Year History in the year 1991. Arnold Pacey was an associate lecturer at The Open University in Britain as well as an author to three additional books: Meaning in Technology, The Maze of Ingenuity, The Culture of Technology. He published all four of his books within a ten-year span. Arnold Pacey was trained as an engineer but is well known as a historian of technology because of the conclusions he drew of society and technology and their relationshipRead More The Lost City Atlantis1338 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction We have all heard about the legend of Atlantis. It’s said that Atlantis was an advanced civilization with highly developed economy and technology. But one day, catastrophe occurred in sudden. Atlantis entirely sank beneath the waves in only one day and one night. In thousands of years, Atlantis has caught the imagination of people from all over the world. Many adventurers, historians and anthropologists spent their whole life trying to open the mysterious veil of Atlantis. But hasRead MoreInvention Over Time : Technology1363 Words   |  6 PagesInvention over Time Technology in World Civilization: A Thousand-year History is a book written by Arnold Pacey in 1990. Pacey is an associate lecturer at the Open University, Britain. He attempts to look globally at the development of technology soley in a world civilization. He focuses mainly on the dialogue between different countries, and the developments that happen. One of the major arguments of the book is the simultaneity of invention. Pacey’s thesis is extremely sound, and provides manyRead MoreSimilarities Between Civilizations And Civilizations958 Words   |  4 Pages Throughout history there have been similarities between civilizations, some of which were on separate parts of the world. Many scholars and historians have been baffled by the discoveries of these similarities due to the fact that these cultures were not only hundreds of miles apart but also were separated by hundreds of years. The ancient Egyptian civilization located in northern Africa around 3,100 B.C. is considere d to be one of the cradles of civilization and also a major contributor to theRead MoreContributions Of African And World Civilizations Essay980 Words   |  4 PagesContributions to African and World Civilizations The Carthage was one of first big empires of the Africa and continues to be the largest. The biggest contribution to world civilizations today is the military tactics taken away from the Carthage Army and Navy. Hannibal Barca was the greatest military Generals of the ancient world, he lead the Carthaginian Army. He took over at the age of 26. Some of the tactics that he used that were so successful and are used today are taking out and surroundingRead MoreNo Guns, Germs and Steel by Jared Diamond772 Words   |  4 Pagesyou white people developed so much cargo and brought it to New Guinea, but we black people hat little cargo of our own?† For over thirty years, Diamond was investigating our inferred history for clues, to answer Yali’s question. He published a scientific opinion that explains how geography is to blame for the dispersal of power, as few societies and civilizations inhabiting in the Middle East had access to resources, such as the seeds of highly nutritio us crops alike wheat and barley, and useful livestockRead MoreThe Differences Between The Civilizations And River Valley Civilizations1710 Words   |  7 Pages1. The civilizations in river valleys both had communities that were forced to work together due to the lack of agricultural resources. They each had to focus on maintaining canals, dikes, weirs, and other structures related to the valleys. Floods were constantly a threat, and so each civilization had a different view on nature’s aspects. Mesopotamians tried their best to please the kings and queens of nature, while Egyptians trusted supernatural powers. The difference in religious thoughts led toRead MoreAncient Chinese Compass And Its Effects On Civilization1581 Words   |  7 PagesAncient Chinese Compass and its Effects on Civilization The Chinese culture is up to 5000 years old. Approximately 56 different ethnic groups live in China. Buddhism is by far the largest religion in China, significantly impacting their culture. Buddhism brought with it a whole new array of beliefs, such as a very detailed description of heaven and hell, the belief in reincarnation, and the idea of karma. Those three things made their way into the Chinese culture. A set of beliefs, called ConfucianismRead MoreThe Silk Road Essay1623 Words   |  7 Pagesof technology, goods, religions, and language throughout Asia, the Mediterranean, Africa and southern Europe. As the strongest link between major population centers in the largest landmass on earth, the Silk Road was one of the most important of all long-distance trade routes in human history. Study of the Silk Road has made it obvious that Eurasian history was more than isolated histories of Mesopotamia, Egypt, Europe, India, Southeast Asia, and China. In reality, for several thousand years, theRead MoreGenghis Khan And The Mongol Empire Essay1578 Words   |  7 Pagesother empires you have studied this semester? Under the rule of Genghis Khan and his successors during the 13th and 14th centuries (between the years 1206-1368), the Mongol Empire, with a military force of unparalleled strength, succeeded in unifying large regions in order to establish new economies and create the largest contiguous land empire in history. By having a democracy similarly present within the Roman Empire and adopting a structure comparable to the satraps of the Persian Empire, the Mongol

Mitigation Analysis on Imposing a New Vacation Policy Free Essays

In the verge of administrative challenges, the best organizational strategy to implement as a leader is the perspective on â€Å"delegation.†Ã‚   It is important to take note that the obligation of a leader mainly falls on the vortex of â€Å"conceptual skills† mixed with the forecasted value of human resource power.   In the case presented, given the fact that the main issue mainly lies on the scarcity or unavailability of information dissemination medium, the finest way to get through the dilemma is to dwell on the basic of communicating—snail mail would be a good option. We will write a custom essay sample on Mitigation Analysis on Imposing a New Vacation Policy or any similar topic only for you Order Now Another alternative would be delegating the â€Å"message†Ã¢â‚¬â€the new vacation policy—to your subordinates. Take for example, in every state or country by which your company has scope onto, the power of local autonomy would serve you right.   As a matter of fact, it will be a lot easier to have the â€Å"regional† offices do the relay of message or idea, than to spend much on the expense of that purpose.   Further, with regard to the predicament on â€Å"language† inefficiency among your constituents, it would rather be best to have those â€Å"regional† office department heads to fix the problem—the regional directors must be critically filtered in such a way that they are able to understand both the international language and respective dialects of the region. Moreover, in the light of the â€Å"new policy,† to be able to get a glimpse of the feedback and recommendations of your subordinates, it is recommended that the leader calls for a general assembly for all the designated regional offices, and decentralize the power of â€Å"company† hearing or survey for each location (Stillman, 2004).   In such way, it will be cost-efficient, less hassle and beneficial for both the members and the leader for that instance. However, to be able to assess that the â€Å"plan† is effective and is proficient enough to be thoroughly implemented, the leader must consistently visit the respective regions to â€Å"personally† check on the employees and to give them an echelon of faith that the company is still highly respectable and professional in the keenest way possible (Ollman, 1999). Reference Ollman, B. (1999). Market Economy: Advantages and Disadvantages [Electronic Version]. Retrieved October 21, 2007 from http://www.nyu.edu/projects/ollman/docs/china_speech2.php. Stillman, R. J. (2004). Public Administration: Concepts and Cases (8th ed.). Massachusetts: Houghton Mifflin Company.       How to cite Mitigation Analysis on Imposing a New Vacation Policy, Essay examples

SEM and Irrationality

Question: Write an essay on Real Life Example of Irrationality Based On SEM? Answer: Real Life Example of Irrationality Based On SEM: The peoples behavior is assessed in all parts of economics. In this regard behavioral economics plays an important role. It studies the repercussion of psychological, social, cognitive and emotional factors on the economic decisions of the economic agents. The Standard Neo Classical Economic Model (SEM) assumes that the behavior of the economic agents is rational and is not dependent on emotion or bias. The economic agent is believed to place fair, equitable and reasonable value on the goods and products related to investment and in all these behavior the individual must drive towards maximizing utility. The main assumption of the SEM is that people are rational. In addition to this people make economic decision when they are fully aware of all the available options, people can always rank their options based on their preferences in a consistent manner and people select that option which is best for them and gives them maximum utility. The three vital assumptions or principles of SEM are: (Baddeley, 2013) Economic agents maximize profits and utility- when multiple alternatives are available to an economic agent he chooses that outcome that possibly maximizes his utility function. This is explained by SEM as the preference and advantage received from consuming a good is not only in terms of monetary profits but also other benefits that explains the satisfaction received from consuming the good or the rise in the stature. The economic decision made by the individuals may be taken under situations of risk. This evaluation requires individual to maximize expected utility based on the expected value. Thus SEM also takes into account the nature of individual and his decision making i.e., the individual can be a risk averse, risk lover or even a risk neutral. (Beckerman, 2011) Economic agents act rationally- behavior of an economic agent is based on rational self-interest according to the fundamental principle of economics. For some human behavior may be inconsistent, inefficient, self centered or humanitarian, but economists argue that human behavior is predictable and his economic decision is based on the costs and benefits of the option available to him. SEM economists are of the view that benefits from charitable instincts or love must not be ignored but there remains an expectation that people will engage themselves in a rational decision making system. Then they can be called Homo economicus, who possess a well-organized, reliable and anchored list of preferences. The logical computational skill that the Homo economicus utilizes to evaluate different series of action also allow him to choose the highest and maximized preference and outcomes. Economic agents act on the basis of full and relevant information- SEM expects that the individuals not only make choices on the basis of their preferences but also based on the full information. By the availability of full information individuals are able to take rational decisions analyzing its impact on the future. For example, consider the rational expectation theory when anticipating the inflation rate for the future. This theory explains that how the mechanism of determining future inflation rate takes into account all the factors that affect the inflation rate in the future like money supply, oil prices, exchange rate and labor market conditions. Based on the three important assumptions of the SEM, we can now establish the fact that individuals are able to make rational decision. (Opaluch and Segerson, 2015) People customarily tend to make irrational choices thinking that their choices are rational. There are several examples of irrational behavior that explains such irrational behavior. One of the reasons behind this is that most of the people lack full knowledge regarding their own choices. Or in other cases, their choices strongly depend on the recollection or interpretation drawn from their past experiences. The irrational behavior impacts the individuals in a way that they imbibe short term satisfaction and experience loss in the long term. These individuals do not make their choices based on forecasting their future loss, cost, gain and benefit. In this way they fail to maximize their utility. A case that reflects irrationality in humans is based on Jac who is a coffee addict and was a regular visitor to the Dunkin Donuts. (Mullins, 2009) But with the behemoth of coffee outlets at every corner of the streets, his choice regarding the purchase of coffee changed. This apparently explains the success of Starbucks. Starbucks is believed to sell coffee at a higher rate which the people tend to purchase. One thing that needs to be mentioned is the anchor price regarding coffee for individual who loves coffee. Before visiting Starbucks, Jac was convinced with the anchor pricing strategy and had set a price for coffee in his minds from which he never budged. But what happened that his preference changed irrationally depend on the strategy that Starbucks applied making the customers forget about the concept of anchor prices. When I confronted Jac with the question that why did he go for Starbucks leaving behind his anchor price, his answer was clear. He answered by ranking the supe rior experience that he received from Starbucks by which he never really compared Dunkin Donuts and Starbucks coffee. (People Great Ideas, 2015) Jac gradually changed his anchor price which was low and set another new anchor price that were based on the prices charged by Starbucks. I found this behavior irrational. He now moved and shifted onto a new consumption curve where the anchor price is much higher. (Giang, 2012) Considering the SEM, Jac violated the first assumption that states that individual makes decisions based on their profit and utility maximization. But in this case Jac has definitely maximized his utility but failed to maximize his profits. Profits are based on the cost that he bears, which has increased because of a rise in price of coffee from Dunkin Donuts to Starbucks. Jac must not only aim to maximize his satisfaction but also must look out for his pocket. But setting a higher anchor price, Jac has behaved irrationally. (GAUDIO, 2003) Second assumption signifies individuals as Homo economicus where they are expected to make decisions based on their highest and maximized anchored preferences. Jac from the very beginning depicted an irrational behavior by preferring the Starbucks coffee which a much higher price. Though several surveys reveal that Starbucks stood high in terms of quality and experience of customers yet their pricing strategy seemed to be quite expensive. Jac has depicted that irrational behavior in which he did not consider the future costs and benefits related to the current purchase. (Salim Khraim, 2011)Thirdly, Jac had never acquired full information while making the choice of coffee. (Kacen and Lee, 2002)Starbucks is not the only one caf outlet that offers high quality coffee. There are several other coffee outlets that offer best coffee with reasonable price. Thus, Jac has engaged himself in short term utility sacrificing the long term benefits that he would get on selection of coffee at cheap rates from other coffee outlets. (some outlets are Curators Coffee Studio, FreeState Coffee etc. in London). (Time Out London, 2015) A study based on the brand effects of Starbucks reveals that the effect of brand of Starbucks had affected the Danish consumers preferences towards coffee in a positive way. The price that Starbucks charged could not be explained by this study but what can be concluded from the study is that individuals are repeatedly making irrational choices which are result of the brand value of Starbucks. Individuals generally believe in their choices to be rational. A coffee with brand value and higher price is preferred by individuals rather than coffee with no brand values and low price. This explains the irrationality in consumers. (Bouzidi, 2015) One of the important case studies by Sara Jasmine Ghafoorzadeh on Starbucks shows that again the brand value that led to the customers loyalty regarding the consumption of their coffee in spite of high price. Starbucks believes that there is a strong relation between the customer loyalty and the brand experience that can drive their sales up. But this type of strategy affects the ethical decision making of the consumers. They are repeatedly and alarmingly making irrational decision regarding purchasing goods. (Ghafoorzadeh, 2015) From the essay what we learn is that economic agents unconsciously engage in irrational behavior but what they pose is as if they are behaving rationally which led to diminishing future benefits. This is because most of the people tend to engage in short term pleasure rather than long term gains. In the case of Jac, Starbucks coffee may have strained his pocket but his opinion about making irrational choices distinctly depended on the brand value of Starbucks. Thus, we see that Jac has successfully violated the assumptions of the SEM and can be declared as an irrational human beings. The irrational behavior can also be witnessed in the investing markets where the investors also engage in irrational behavior(Lin, Tsai and Lung, 2013). One of the other industry that fools consumers and force them behave irrationally is the mobile industry in which individuals purchase such mobiles phones that are called smartphones at higher price when other ordinary mobiles operates in an identical ma nner. (Law and McNeish, 2007)The choice of the human beings on spending more on certain objects which functions in the same manner as the ones which are cheaper explains irrationality. (Camerer, Loewenstein and Rabin, 2004) References Baddeley, M. (2013).Behavioural economics and finance. London: Routledge. Beckerman, W. (2011).Economics as applied ethics. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. Bouzidi, I. (2015).Starbucks brand effects - distinguishing unconscious wanting` and conscious liking in consumers choice of coffee brand. 1st ed. [ebook] Available at: https://studenttheses.cbs.dk/bitstream/handle/10417/4031/imane_bouzidi.pdf?sequence=1 [Accessed 9 Mar. 2015]. Camerer, C., Loewenstein, G. and Rabin, M. (2004).Advances in behavioral economics. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. GAUDIO, R. (2003). Coffeetalk: Starbucks and the commercialization of casual conversation.Lang. Soc., 32(05). Ghafoorzadeh, S. (2015).Customers' Loyalty Brand Experience Branding Strategy to Successfully Approach Consumers' Minds and Promote Customers' Loyalty: Generating the Brand Experience.. 1st ed. [ebook] Available at: https://www.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/68813/Ghafoorzadeh_SaraJasmine.pdf?sequence=1 [Accessed 9 Mar. 2015]. Giang, V. (2012).12 Ways That People Behave Irrationally. [online] Business Insider. Available at: https://www.businessinsider.com/predictably-irrational-2012-6?IR=T#we-only-forget-about-the-anchor-price-when-the-experience-feels-so-different-its-incomparable-3 [Accessed 9 Mar. 2015]. Kacen, J. and Lee, J. (2002). The Influence of Culture on Consumer Impulsive Buying Behavior.Journal of Consumer Psychology, 12(2), pp.163-176. Law, A. and McNeish, W. (2007). Contesting the New Irrational Actor Model: A Case Study of Mobile Phone Mast Protest.Sociology, 41(3), pp.439-456. Lin, W., Tsai, S. and Lung, P. (2013). Investors' Herd Behavior: Rational or Irrational?.Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies, 42(5), pp.755-776. Mullins, C. (2009). Supply and demand in the decision-making process of pharmaceutical consumers: The starbucks versus dunkin' donuts dilemma.Clinical Therapeutics, 31(8), p.1858. Opaluch, J. and Segerson, K. (2015).Rational Roots of Irrational Behavior: New Theories of Economic Decision-Making. 1st ed. [ebook] Available at: https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/28875/1/18020081.pdf [Accessed 9 Mar. 2015]. People Great Ideas, (2015).Super Bowl Coffee Smackdown: Seattle's Starbucks vs. New England's Dunkin' Donuts. [online] Available at: https://greatideas.people.com/2015/01/30/starbucks-vs-dunkin-donuts-seattle-new-england-superbowl/ [Accessed 9 Mar. 2015]. Salim Khraim, H. (2011). The Influence of Brand Loyalty on Cosmetics Buying Behavior of UAE Female Consumers.IJMS, 3(2). Time Out London, (2015).London's best cafs and coffee shops. [online] Available at: https://www.timeout.com/london/food-drink/londons-best-cafes-and-coffee-shops [Accessed 9 Mar. 2015].